Baking oven



May 7, 19429.

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U U U U U U O QOQOQO 0020900 U OQ Patented May 7, 1929.

unirse g'sr-Arias enonen ADAM nrnivrnn, or nnwlimr,v NEW JERSEY.

BAKING ovnis.

Application filed July 3, 1924,5eria1 No. 724,094. Renewed October', 1928.

This inventiony relates to limprovements in baking ovens and more particularly toa novel and improved y'stationary structure wherein a combined oven and furnace is pro 5 vided including means for maintaining a constant circulationof heat uniformly throughout the entire oven duringthe baking operation.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a combined furnace and baking oven including a series of water conduits so arranged with respect to the same that the heat generated will be uniformly distributed in said oven and to the various 4compartments including means for maintaining a constant circulation of the pre-heated air preliminary yto loading the ov-en.

Another and further importantobject of my invention is the construction of a baking oven of the character above specified wherein a plurality of superimposed independent compartments are provided and a constant current of moist may be maintained at the baking temperature.

5 An additional object of my invention is the construction of a baking .oven such as is used in large breadand pastry making establishments wherein a plurality of superimposed compartments are provided including mechanical means for introducing trays in the various compartments when loading the oven.

A modiiied form of my inventionalso consists of a baking oven of the large commercial type wherein a single compartment is utilized material to be baked.

l accomplish the above objects andothers which will become more apparent as the description proceeds andwhen taken in con:- nectioii with the accompanying drawings showing a preferred embodiment of my invention, and wherein:

Figure 1 is a view of the furnace and oven f in section showing the arrangement of partly pipes and the air circulating 4the heating means.

Figure 1n is a 'fragmentary side view ofthe front compartment doors.

Figure 2 is a top elevation through the furnace and one of the compartments or rack chambers of the oven.

l Figure 3 is the doors or closures for the compartment or chambers and the baiile plates.

to receive a portable rack which carries the a detail sectional view showing Figure et is a detail sectional View showing the arrangement of the heating pipes for the oven.

` Figure 5 is a sectional view of theheating chamber for the pipe and the'superimposed ybread or rack chambers.

Figure 6 is a `view partly in section of the furnace showing the flue arrangement and4 the dempers. t i

f Figure 7 is a vertical section throughthe oven showing the rack chamber and the heating chamber with their'relation to the air distributing mechanism.y

Figure 8 is avview partly in section showing the furnace andthe rack chamber in their relation to the heating pipe. l

Figure 9 is a side view of an overhead swinging bread rack.

, Figure 10 is a detailed view showing a portion ofthe'bread rack when positioned inthe oven. y f '1 Figure 11 is a side view in crosssection of a modified form of the invention showing the use of a iioor rack truck. Figure 12-is an end view taken in section of the modified form shown in Figure 11. and 'l `Figure 13`is a frontview of the doors or closure for the modified form lof the invention illustrated. Y f s Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference characters` designate `corresponding parts :tl'iroughout the several views, 5 designates the base and 6 the superstructure of the `furnace preferably constructed of brick and having a tire box 7, grate 8, and ash'pit 9, the pit having the vusual hinged or swinging closure 10 and the lire box `7, `the conventional type of hinged door 11 as is well understood in furnaces of this character.

The Vtire box is preferably built of refractory material and the iiues 12, 13, leading from v20, y21 are connected whereby uponmanipulation of the respective chains the dempers may be opened to the desired degree.

The rear wall of the furnace is provided with a vertical space to receive a layer ol sand 22 to more eiiectively confine the heat and a second layer ot sand as indicated at 23 is further provided rearwardly ot the lire box and ash pit for the same purpose. y

The oven proper is built up with the furnace in such manner as to receive the proper heat through a system of pipe bankings subsequently to be referred to. Reference being had particularly to Figures 1 and 3 it will be observed that l have provided a plurality ot superimposed independent baking chainbers Q11, the trent 25 of which are each provided with a double walled closure or door 26 hingedly connected as Vindicated at 27 for inward movement, a counter-weight 28, being provided to maintain the same normally closed when thrown past dead center, will permit the door to swing in 'ardly to the p0- sition lshown by Figure Space'd insulation 2() on the inner side ot the closure Q6 eii'ectively maintains and prevents the radiation of heat to the exterior at the trent of the oven. The .side walls 30, 31, ot each comiartment are provided with apertures 32 through which the heatpasses 'l'rom the pipe bankings 3i, 35, 36 and 37 respectively. The said bankings extend longitudinally of the sides the respective compartments and are conined between the walls 38, 39, and the apertured walls 31, 30, it being noted that the rear ends ot the respective bankings ex" tend within the lines 12,13,so as to be heated.

In actual practice, the bankings are hern'ietically sealed and the heat generated in the pipes will pass upwardly from the lower to the respective superimposed chambers and will circulateregularly through the entire oven. dillel bankings are slightly inclined toward the Afurnace end so that when the steam condenses, the water will How toward the Jurnace lines and will be immediately converted into steam when the furnace is heated. Since the heat generated by the luruaee greater near the lire box, less pipe surtace required and consequent-ly it will be seeirthat the pipe banking 3st extends only partially within the tlues. The Vnext adjacent chambers are heated by the pipe bankiugs 35 and extend somewhat further into the fines. The chamber 24a is heated by the pipe banking 3Gv'hich extends entirely within the tlues and takes up the greatest amount ot pipe space as shown. The top t banking 37 supplies the heat to the top chamber 9.1 and in order to uniformly distribute the heat generated by the respective pipe bankings, I have provided a blower designated in its entirety by numeral 40 positioned on the roof Lll of the said oven as more clearly Vshown by Figure 1 of the drawings. The blower 40 is in communication with the ver-V tically extending duetl 42 through the connect-ion 4.3which duct extends to the bottom 44- and beneath the flooring 1-5 of the lowermost chamber. A baille bar 47 positioned beneath the flooring directs the hot aii passing down through the duct l2 to the side walls of the respective compartments and since the blower is adapted to be in constant operation, it will be seen that the heat generatcdwill be uniformly distributed throughout all et' the compartments by reason of the apcrtured side walls thereof so as to give the same degree of heat in the respective compartments. Each compartment above reterred to is also provided with a steam pipe 18, hl19, having a control valve 50 at the front end of the furnace 'for the admission of the .required amount of moist air to the chambers.'

The flooring L15" ot each et the compartments in the oven are provided with depressions 45 to receive the rollers 50, mounted in the ends of a tray 51. The super-structure 52 connected to the tray 51 is suspended by chains 53 from a lifting crane 54e operable on rollers 55 along the track 56 so that the tray ltl as an entirety, may be raised and lowered to the desired compartment in the oven. for the introduction ot the said tray with the material to be baked. ln the same manner, the trays may be rolled out or' the front end ot' the furnace to be received by the tray supporting tramek and its superstructure 52 and subsequently transferred where desired.v

In the form ot the invention as shown by Figures 11, 12 and 13, the oven end oit the construction is designed to receive a portable roller rack GO, on which the dough is positioned preliminary to introducing said rack to the baking chamber 61, which extends from the top to the bot-tom of the oven. The inner walls 62 of the chamber are also provided with apertures `for the passage ot the heat generated in the pipe bankings as described above, and ablower 62 and duct G3 leading to the bottom 64: of the chamber uniforinly distributes the generated heat and thusrprovides the regular temperature so-l that the bread in the upper portion of the rack will be baked at the same time as the bread in the lower portion thereof where the greatest heat is ordinarily had. The front wall 65 has hingedly connected thereto as indicated at G6, the outwardly swinging closures or doors 67, GS which doors are oi a width equal to the width of the chamber 61. Any suitable form of locking means 69 is provided to keep the doors 67 and 68 closed so as to prevent the passage of air therethrough.

lliile l have illustrated and described my invention with some degree of particularity, l realize that in practice various alterations therein may be made. I therefore reserve the right and privilege or" changing the form of the 'detailsof construction or otherwise altering the arrangement of the correlated lil) the invention or the scope of the appended v claims.

IIaving thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by United States Patent is l. In an oven, the combination with a turnace ot a baking compartment, lues oneach side of the compartment, heat conducting pipe bankings positioned in said flues and a blower in communication with said flues.`

2. In an oven, the combination with a furnace of a baking compartment, heat conducting pipe bankings positioned on each side of the compartment and extending within the furnace, and a blower above the baking compartment lor uniformly circulating heat, transversely across' said compartment.

3. In an oven, the combination with a ture nace of a baking compartment, heat conducting pipe bankings positioned on the sides and extending from the front to the rear of the compartment, a blower above the baking compartment and a flue at the rear of said compartment whereby the heat may be circulated transversely throughout the baking compartmentby said blower;

e. In an oven, the combination with a furnace of a baking compartment, inwardly spaced walls forming fines having apertures therethrough parallel with the sides of said compartment, heat conducting pipe bankings in said lues extending from the front to the rear of the compartment, a blower positioned on the top `wall of the compartment and a liuc communicating with the blower for circulating the heat throughout the said baking compartment. y

5. In an oven, the combination with a furnace of a plurality of independent, superi1nposed baking compartments, a closure for each compartment, pipe bankings positioned f along the sides of said com artments and eX- tending within the furnace and a blower for circulating the heat within the compartments. f

6; In an oven, the combination with a furnace or' a plurality of baking compartments, afront closure :tor each compartment, a plurality of sealed pipe bankings positioned along the sides of the compartments and eX- tending 'within the furnace, a blower and a flue connecting the said blower with one of y p said compartments.

7. In an oven, the combination with a furnace of a plurality of baking compartments, inwardly spaced walls having apertures therethrough parallel with they sides of said compartments, heat conduct-ing `pipe bankings positioned between said walls permitting" the circulation of heat through all of said compartments, said pipe bankings being slightly inclined from front to rear, a blower and a flue extending from the blower to the bottom compartment.

Intestimony whereof I 'ailx my signature.

GEORGE ADAM DIEMER. [n s.] 

